Reference

OSHA has no ergonomics standard, yet it cites serious lifting hazards under the General Duty Clause - and musculoskeletal disorders remain a leading source of lost-time injuries. This guide builds the program in five moves: find the risk factors, score the tasks, fix them in control-hierarchy order, train, and verify with your own injury data.

Federal OSHA heat enforcement runs on the General Duty Clause and the National Emphasis Program revised April 10, 2026 - the proposed heat standard is not yet law. This guide separates what is enforceable now from what is merely proposed, decodes the 2026 NEP inspection triggers, and lists the program elements employers should run today.

OSHA has no cold-work standard — cold stress is enforced through the General Duty Clause and judged against OSHA's own guidance. This reference maps the four recognized conditions from hypothermia to chilblains, the wind-chill planning triggers, the employer control set, and the layered PPE kit, with a worked crew-winterization example.

OSHA has no standalone high-visibility clothing standard; it requires hi-vis in specific contexts and otherwise enforces through the General Duty Clause and 1910.132 hazard assessment. This distinction trips up safety managers. This guide covers OSHA's construction rules, the MUTCD/ANSI 107 highway requirement, and a worked jobsite example.

Most OSHA PELs derive from 1968 ACGIH TLVs and have not been updated since 1971 — ACGIH updates TLVs annually. For many chemicals the TLV is 5–20× lower than the PEL, requiring a higher APF respirator. ANSI/ASSP Z88.2 directs employers to use the most protective OEL. This guide covers the practical selection implications.